ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the outcome of COVID–19 among hepatocellular carcinoma patients at tertiary care hospital. Study Design: descriptive case series study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Nishtar Hospital Multan from December, 2020 to December, 2021. Materials and Methods: All patients of hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed with COVID–19 of either sex aged more than 20 years were included in this study. Collected Data was entered into SPSS version 22 and was analyzed through its statistical package. Results: A total of 62 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with COVID–19 were included, of which 69.4% (n = 43) were male while 30.6 % (n = 19) were female patients. Mean age of these patients was 59.60 ± 8.94 years (range;42–78 years). Mean duration of hospitalization in these patients was 11.37 ± 6.18 days and 58.1 % (n = 36) were hospitalized for more than 1 week. Admission to intensive care unit (ICU) was noted in 25.8% (n = 16) of these patients. In–hospital mortality in HCC patients having COVID–19 was noted in 27.4 % (n = 17). Conclusion: High frequency of in–hospital mortality was noted in hepatocellular carcinoma patients infected with COVID–19 in our study.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Burnout syndrome (BOS) has been recognized for over 50 years. Over time, it has been reported that certain health care specialties are more vulnerable to BOS, such as those working in an intensive care unit (ICU). The introduction of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and its growing demand, adds to the overall workload in ICU, and exposes practitioners to complex ethical and administrative situations, which may impact their psychological well-being. We aim to investigate the effects of an ECMO service, on BOS development in the ICU. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study, using an online questionnaire;The Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel. In addition, demographic variables, workload, salary satisfaction, and caring for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients were assessed. Participants were divided based on working in ICU with ECMO service into ICU with (ECMO-ICU) and without (non-ECMO-ICU) ECMO service, and burnout status (burnout and no burnout). Results: The response rate for completing the questionnaire was 36.4% (445/1222). Males represented 53.7% of the participants. The overall prevalence of burnout was 64.5%. The overall burnout prevalence did not differ between ECMO- and non-ECMO-ICU groups (64.5% and 63.7, respectively). However, personal accomplishment (PA) score was significantly lower among ECMO-ICU personnel compared to those in a non-ECMO ICU (42.7% versus 52.6, p = 0.043). Significant predictors of burnout included profession (nurse or physician), acquiring COVID-19 infection, knowing other practitioners who were infected with COVID- 19, salary dissatisfaction, and extremes of workload. Conclusions: Burnout was equally prevalent among participants from ECMO- and non-ECMO ICU, but PA was lower among participants in ICU with an ECMO service. The reported high prevalence of burnout, and its predictors, requires special attention to try and reduce its occurrence.